Patterns of Supplement Use in Prostate Cancer Survivors: A Cross-Sectional Survey

Abstract

Aims
Herbal, vitamin, and mineral supplement use is common among cancer survivors, but little is known about patterns among men with prostate cancer (PCa) in Ireland. This study aimed to examine prevalence, symptom burden, and associations between supplement use and PCa-related symptoms.

Methods
Between May and June 2025, a national cross-sectional online survey was conducted among men with a PCa diagnosis. Information collected included demographics, clinical history, symptoms, supplement use, reasons for use, sources of information, and whether use was discussed with healthcare providers.

Results
Of 74 responses, 46% (n=34) were eligible. Among these, 62% (n=21) were over 60 years and 94% (n=32) were overweight or obese; 47% (n=16) were 3–5 years post-diagnosis. Erectile dysfunction and reduced libido were the most common symptoms 85% (n=29). Supplement use was reported by 85% (n=29): 82% (n=28) used vitamins/minerals and 32% (n=11) used herbal products. Vitamin D was the most frequent vitamin 50% (n=17) and turmeric the leading herbal 18% (n=6). Over half 53% (n=18) had not discussed supplement use with healthcare providers.

Conclusion
Herbal and vitamin and mineral supplement is highly prevalent among Irish men with prostate cancer, particularly vitamin and mineral products, with vitamin D most common. Improved communication and clinical guidance are needed in survivorship care.