Acute Respiratory Infection Outbreaks in Residential Care Facilities

Abstract

Aim
To evaluate the burden and characteristics of acute respiratory infection (ARI) outbreaks in residential care facilities (RCFs) during January 2025 in one Irish health region.

Methods
A retrospective review of ARI outbreaks in the HSE Dublin and South East region was conducted, supplemented by survey feedback from affected RCFs.

Results
38 ARI outbreaks were reported. The mean outbreak duration was 16.1 days. Influenza A was the primary pathogen in 21 outbreaks. Overall, 329 (18.3%) of residents in affected facilities became symptomatic, and 14 (0.8%) of residents were hospitalised. Oseltamivir prophylaxis was recommended for 719 (40%) of residents. There were 291 bed closure days. 29 Survey responses highlighted logistical challenges with antiviral access and outbreak management.

Discussion
Outbreaks placed significant strain on RCFs and hospitals, with widespread prophylaxis and bed closures impacting care delivery. Improved preparedness, layered infection prevention and structured post-outbreak reviews are key to reducing system pressure and enhancing future responses.